Explosion-engine



M. BIRKIGT.`

EXPLOSION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1AN.8,1916.

1,401,862, Patented De.27,1921.

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EXPLOSION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED IAN. 8. 19m.

Patented Dee. 27, 192.1.,

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EXPLOSION ENGINE# APPLICATION FILED IAN. a, me.

Paten-ed 1360.',27, 1921'.

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EXPLOSION ENGINE. wAPPLICATION FILED JAN. (5,'19165 Patented Dec.l 27, 1.921.`

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Illll/ :MARC BIRKGT, 0F BOIS-COL01VIBES, FRANCE.

EXPLOSION-Encina Application filed January 8, 1916. Serial No. 71,085.

supports all the distribution or lvalve gear parts and having at surfaces adapted to be connected to corresponding flat surfaces of the cylinder while the water circulation chambers with which the vcover is provided are independent of those which surround the cylinder.

rlhe inventionfurther consists in other arrangements which will be more fully described in the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying` draw4 ings in which- Figure l represents a longitudinalsection through one half of a four-cylinder internal combustion engine embodying vthe present invention. Y

Fig. la is an elevation, partly in section, of the other half of the engine shown in F ig. l.

Fig. 2 represents a transverse section ofV the engine on the line 2 2 of Fig. l, and

Fig. 3 represents a transverse section through the engine on the line 3 3 of l. Similar parts are designated by the same reference characters in the several views. T he cylinders of the engine areV made, preferably by casting` the four cylinders a in one piece and by providing in the wall of each cylindena chamber'cL to receive the cooling water. Instead of extending the cylinders beyond the plane in which is situated the upper face of the pistons when they are at their highest point, so as to constitute by such an extension the explosion chamber, the wall of the cylinders is practically stopped at the level of the said plane. Thus the same chamber al is used for cooling water for all the cylinders and the said chamber is completely closed. The end a2 of the cylinders is carefully planed or otherwise machined. Y

' A part b forms the cover of the cylinders, and the said part is provided with a chamber b1 for the cooling water and a flat face `Specication of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 27, 192,1."`

b2 having surfaces corresponding to' the sur-V face of the upper wall ofthe cylinders,'which surfaces are carefully machined sofas to en? able the said cover b to fit accurately. Four recess?)3 are provided yof such a shapeand position that as' soon as the cover is put in place onthe cylinders,'the said recesses come in line with the said cylinders, and constitute explosion chambers. iThese are alsol machined, so as to insure absolute identity of the various cylinders, a condition greatly favorable to satisfactory operation.

The combustion chambers b5 areelongated longitudinally of the cylinder casting so that the walls of the elongated ends of adjacent` 'i combustion chambers are spaced closer to, gether than are the walls of the Yunelonga'ted` portions of said combustion chambers from' the Outer Wall of the cooling chamber 221'.'

By so narrowing the space between the adjacent combustion chambers an increase inv the velocity of the cooling Huid through said space is produced with a corresponding increase in the cooling eiiiciency of said coolinf medium at this point.

penings t4 are providedin the cover of the said recesses and'forin seatsfor the inlet valves c and the exhaust valves d, and conduits c1 and Z1 connect'the said openings respectively haust pipe.

Guides e are made for the valve spindles,V and bearings f for the parts operating the valve rods. These bearings support the cam tothe ,inlet pipe and'to the errshaft f1 which drives directly and in'accord- Y ance with SpecificationV No. 35,382 filed in the same name on the 21st J une 1915. These valve rods are provided with a means for adjusting their length.

In the wall ofthe cylinders are providedA two openings terminating at the chamber for the cooling water, and in the wall of the cover are also provided two openings terminating at the chamber for the cooling water` two of the said openings enabling the chambers al and b1 to be connected together by a tube g, while the other two g1 and g2 are Vintended to connect'the said chambers respectively to the admission and to the discharge conduit for the cooling water. It is only necessary after having vfittedv inthe cover the whole of the valve gear,"to secure the said cover in place on the cylinders by bolts h which are made to pass right through sleeves k1 in the chambers al and b1. The

said chambers are then connected together by a pipe, in order that the engine may work. Y l

The method of fixing by bolts 72, in sleeves 71,1 avoids any deformation of the walls of the cylinder. The explosion chambers provided inthe said cover, are machined so that they are of greater length than the diameter of the corresponding cylinder, so that the wall of the said cylinder forms a flange preventing the valves from falling into the cylinder. ln the case of large cylinders with four valves, the explosion chamber has the crosssection of a square with rounded o corners and with the sides slightly greater than the diameter of the cylinder.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the construction described, but comprises any modifications within the scope of the claims, particularly that in .which the explosion chamber forms a part of the cylinder the removal of the cover facilitating the machlnlng.

I claim as my invention l. An explosion cylinder casting comprising an integral block having a plurality of inner cylindrical walls forming explosion cylinders and an outer spaced wall connected at its top and bottom to said cylindrical walls forming a water jacket about said cylinders, said cylinder casting having a flat upper surface, a head casting having an upper wall provided with valve apertures arranged longitudinally thereof, inner side walls coperating with said upper wall to form combustion chambers each surrounding a pair of valve apertures andY being elongated longitudinally of vthe head casting, each inner side wall being symmetrically arranged in overlapping relation to said cylinders, a lower wall having a flat under surface cooperating with the flat upper surface of said cylinder casting, said inner side walls being joined to said lower wall and an outer side wall joined to said lower` wall and surrounding said inner'side Walls the distance between the elongated ends of adjacent vcombustion chambers being less than the distance between the unelongated sides of said combustion chambers and said outer wall.

2. An explosion cylinder casting comprising an inner cylindrical wall forming a cylinder and an outer spaced wall connected at its top and bottom to said cylindricalwall by end walls, forming a water jacket about said cylinder, said casting-'having a flat upper surface, a head casting having a flat lower surface coperating with the flat upper surface of the cylinder casting, sleeves connected to the upper and lower end Walls of the cylinder water jacketand spaced from the inner and outer walls thereof and hollow threaded bosses within the head lcasting in registry with said sleeves when the head casting is in position and bolts passing into said sleeves from the lower ends thereof and threadedly engaging in said hollow bosses.

In testimony whereof l have hereimto'sc?` my hand in presence of a subscribing witness.

MARC BlRKlGT.

Witness :4

PAUL BLUM. 

